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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. BOROHARDT. OIL BEST FOR BREEGH LOADING GUNS.

AUTOMATIC EEC No. 499,315.

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(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. BORCHARDT. v

H LOADING GUNS. Patented June 13, 1893.

AUTOMATIC RE'GOIL BEST FOR BREEO No. 499,315.

W/T/JESSES INYENTOR! Jig W $7M Nrrnn STATES PATENT Fries.

LIUGO BOROHA RDT, OF BERLIN,- GERMANY.

AUTQMATIC RECOHHREST FOR BREECH-LOADING GUNS.

SIEGIFIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No.499,315, dated June 153, 1893.

Application filed January 6 1893. No. .457,329-. 1}l0 model.)

The object of the invention is to provide a.

shooting rest or gun carriage upon which a breech loading em all arm can be fixed in such manner that the recoil of the arm when fired operates to effect the, opening of the breech.

mechanism of the arm through mechanism carried by the rest,whereby the arm is placed in condition for reloading, while the replacing of said mechanism into its first position causes the closing of the breech mechanism and the firingof the arm.

According to this invention the recoil of the arm is used preferably only for opening the breech, for which purpose the force of the recoil is suflicient even with very small caliber arms, while the replacing of the arm into its former position, t e closing of the breech mechanism, and t e firing, is done by hand. A very rapid and well aimed fire can be obtained in this way even with single loading breech leaders. -The rapidity of the fire is much greater with the so called magazine guns or repeating rifles. n

Thisinvention is best adapted for a defense behind temporary fortifications, but itmay be used also in the open fields or under other conditions. The gun rests or carriages are provided with stationary or transportable understructures according to the use for which they are intended.

I will now describe certain adaptations of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which represent the rest or carriage on a stationary understructure, and in which-- Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a gun rest constructed according to my invention,carrying aMannlicher gun, or one in which the cylindrical bolt moves only in a straight line, the rest being in the closed or firing position. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, with the gun rea p e position. Fig. 4. is a viewcorresponding to moved. Fig. 3is a side elevation correspond- 7 ing to Fig. 1 showing the parts in the opened *Fig. 8 showing'a modified construction of rest in the opened position adapted for and carryj ing a Mauser gun, or one in .which the cylind'rical bolt has aoombined motion ,.both oscil-. .lstory and .reciprocatory. Fig. 5 is a plan 'fvi'ew thereof...fFig. 6 is a front elevation of the rest shown in Fig.1. Fig.7 is afrag- .mentary sectionalview on a larger scale show- .ing a modified form of fastening for the muzzie' end of "the "gun, and Fig. 8 is a similar view showing another modified form of fastening. Referrimrg; to the drawings, the gun rest or carriage will now be described. The stationary under-structure, seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 6, consists of a bed Anpon which a slide B is movably mounted and'can be shifted to and fro and fixed at any place. Upon this slide is revolubly. mounted a turn table C, which supports theframe F, which latter swings upon trunnions eh 'xe dto theturn-table,

suitably adjustable fastening for controlling the position of the frame F relatively to the table'G can be used. The fastening shown co'nsists'of the bar 11, jointed at h to the table 0 and sliding through a clamp G joined to the frame F, whereby by loosening the frame G the frame can be tilted on its trnnnions, and by tightening the clamp it can belocked in position. Any method of arresting the turn-table C may be used, as for example the screw brake D, carried by the table and acting to lock the latter to the slide B.

Between the side bars of the frame F, near its opposite ends, two swinging arms K and L are placed, the former at front and the latter at rear, and to the upper ends of these arms are suitably fixed the devices by which the gun is secured to the rest or carriage. Between these two swinging arms a third arm 0 pivoted to the frame Fis provided, which arm 0 is connected by a spring rod Q at its upper andfree endwith the bolt handle of the gun. An oblique bar P connects the lower part of the arm 0 with theupper part of the rear swinging arm L in such manner that the motion of the latter will be transmitted to give an enlarged and accelerated motion to the swinging arm 0 at its upper end, whereby the upper end of the arm 0 swings simultaneously with the swing of the arm L, but much morerapidly and to a greater extent.

To the rear of the swinging arm L is fixed the lever arm T, carrying a friction roller u, 5 which is actuated by a cam Von a shaft traversing the frame F, which shaft is rotated by means of a" hand crank W. Thelever arm T and the cam V are of such relative dimensions hat when the breech is opened as in Fig. 3 he roller 'ttisineifective,'resting above the cylindrical part of the cam, and when the crank W is turned the cam V acts against the rollerfu and lifts the lever arm T sufficiently to advance the swinging arm L, and with it the gun,'into its forward position, that seen in Fig. l.

The devices for securing the gun to the rest, and the mechanism, for opening, closing and firing tho gun, must be varied according'to the construction of the latter, but they should accomplish the following: When the gun is moved backward they should open the bolt and push it into its extreme backward position, and when it is moved forward they should close the breech and place the gun in position for firing, and preferably operate the trigger to fire it. In the construction shown the spring red Q when moved backward will open' the bolt and push it into its extreme backward position, and when moved forward will draw the bolt forward and close the "breechythus making the gun ready for firing. The pulling of the trigger and the firing of the gun may be accomplished by any suitable complished by that portion of the oblique bar screw at its other end, by adjusting which screw the bell crank is caused to hold the muz zle end of the gun in firm engagement with the block. The butt end of the gun is placed so with the portion between the trigger guard and the magazine box over a clamping bolt m turning in a socket in the swinging arm L, and this end of the gun is'then clamped to 'the arm L by adjusting this clamping boltih against it. The spring rod Q, joined to the swinging end of the'swinging arm 0 is guided by means of a slot '1' embracing a stud-secured to the upper part of the swinging arm L. This rod Q is forked at its rear end, and this fork fits loosely over the bolt handle andworksthe same. The finger S, carried on a crank lever supported by the oblique bar P to be adjustable relatively thereto, is adjusted, preferably by a. suitably arranged set screw, to bring it into position to gage and operate the trigger of the gun at the proper time for firing.

In operation, after proper aiming by regudevice. In the construction shown this is acrection of the arrow, see Figs. 1 and 3, whereupon the cam V acting against the'roller u tilts the lever T, thereby swinging the three swinging arms L, O andK forward, the motion being transmitted through the gun itself from the arm L to the arm K, and through the obliquebar P to the arm 0 to move the latter more rapidly than the arm L. The

spring rod Q travels forward with the arm 0, and in its movement draws the bolt ofthe gun forward, thus closing the breech. The finger S, retarded in its motion relatively to the other. parts engages and pulls the trigger of the gun as the latter reaches the forward position, thereby firing thegun. The'recoil throws the fire arm back to the position shown inFig. 3,

and in moving to'thi's position the bolt is opened by the rearward movement of the spring rod Q. The fire arm remains in the open state',and the gun rest in the open position, until asecond rotation of the crank W repeats the operation described. The closing of thebreech and the firing are executed by the turning of the crank, the speed of rotation of which is at the will of the operator. The opening of the breech the recoil. M I

In Figs. 4, 5 and gun, which has a combined motion, or both oscillatory and reciprocatory motion is shown in the rest.

Fig. 7 shows the means for fastening the muzzle end of the gun used in this instance, which consists of a curved leaf spring pivoted at one end to the block n and embracing the top of the barrelof the gun at its other end to press it against the block. In the construction shown in these figures the forked end of the spring rod Q is constructed as a spirally curved groove engaging the handle of the bolt and disposed so as to turn the handle and thereby oscillate the bolt at the initial portion of its back stroke and until the bolt handle is turned upward, whereuponth spring rod Q dur'in the remainder of the back stroke slides the be t backto the open position, and on re- ..turning it first slides the bolt to the closed 7 a gun, as the Mauser is eflected automatically by. v

position and then turns its handle down. In

Figs. 4 and 5 the bolt and the gen rest are shown in the open position.

Fig. 4 shows a modified arrangement for pulling the trigger ofthe-gun. "In this const-ruction a rod w is. employed, which red is carried on its lower end by a pivotal connection with the frame, and is actuated at this end- .Jay a cam upon the crank shaft, whereby it is swung by such cam. Atits upper end it is fastened to a bell crank Y which'earries' the finger Sfor engaging the trigger. "The bell crank Y isfulcrumed to the rear end 'off'the oblique bar P, whereby when the apparatus device for securing the gun to the forward swinging arm K. In this construction theblock n pivoted to the arm is constructed with an overhanging groove,into which groove the bayonet stud on the under side of the top band of the gun passes, whereupon the parts are clamped together by a screw wedge carried in the block a and acting against said stud. It will be seen that my invention provides a simple and elfective gun rest or carriage which is automatic in operation and can be variously availed of.

It will be understood that the invention may be availed of in many difierent forms and with other structural details .than those shown and described without departing from the essential features of the invention. For example the gun-instead of being placed upon swinging arms may be carried by any well known substitute therefor, as a sliding support. The means for adjusting the rest in both directions can be variously modified. All such changes will be dictated by circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art, and do not alter the characteristic features of the invention.

What I claim is,,in gun rests or carriages, the following-defined novel features and combinations, substantially as hereinbeforeset forth, namely:

:l. Anlautomatic shooting rest for breech loading small arms, adjustable in all directions and consisting of a movable support for the arm moving rearwardly under the recoil thereof, and abolt-shifter connected to said support and actuated during its said movement to open the breech of the arm, and a trigger-finger connected to said support and actuated by the forward movement thereof to fire the gun, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

2. An automatic shooting rest for breech loading's'mall arms, consisting of a movable support carrying the'arm, a bolt shifter connected to and actuated by the movement of said support to move the bolt, and a trigger finger connected to and actuated by the movement of -said support to operate the trigger to fire the gun, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. '3. In a shooting rest for breech loading small arms, a movable support carrying the arm, a bolt shifter carried by said support and actuated when the latter is moved to the closed position to close the bolt of the gun, and a trigger -finger carried by said support and actuated when the latter is moved to the closed position to fire the arm, and a hand operated cam engaging said support, for moving it to the closed position, whereby when said cam is operated the breech is closed and the gun fired, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a shooting rest for breech loading small arms, a support carrying the arm, in combination with an adjustable trigger finger carried by said support for operating the trigger of the arm and mechanism, for actuating said trigger finger, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed myname in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

i HUGO BOROIIARDT. Witnesses:

W. H. EDWARDS,

W. HAUPT. 

